Monday, June 21, 2021

NIAID-Funded Study of Infants with Severe Lung Infection Identifies Those at Highest Risk for Asthma

Interaction between viral infection, unique microbes, and interferon signaling may play a role in the development of asthma among infants.
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Monday, June 21, 2021

NIAID-Funded Study of Infants with Severe Lung Infection Identifies Those at Highest Risk for Asthma

Scanning electron micrograph of human RSV virions shedding from human lung cells

Scanning electron micrograph of human RSV virions (colorized blue) and labeled with anti-RSV antibodies (colorized yellow) shedding from the surface of human lung epithelial cells. Credit: NIAID

Nearly a third of infants who are hospitalized with a severe form of a common childhood lung infection called bronchiolitis develop asthma a few years later. But clinicians have been unable to predict which infants with severe bronchiolitis are at high risk for developing asthma and to understand why. Now, a NIAID-funded study published in the journal Nature Communications has taken a step toward accomplishing this. The study identifies which infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are at highest risk for developing asthma by age 5 years. In conjunction with earlier research, the findings suggest that the interaction between viral infection, unique microbes, and interferon signaling may play a role in the development of asthma among infants.

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